Sunday, September 22, 2013

José Mauricio Nunes Garcia, Afro-Brazilian Composer and Organist, Born September 22, 1767

[Sacred Music of José Mauricio Nunes Garcia; The University of Texas at Austin Chamber Singers; James Morrow, conductor; Longhorn Music LHM2007003 (2010)]

José Mauricio Nunes Garcia

José Mauricio Nunes Garcia (1767-1830) was an Afro-Brazilian composer and church organist, born September 22, 1767, who was the grandson of slaves. Antonio Campos Monteiro Neto has generously made his information available to AfriClassical.com. His website on José Mauricio Nunes Garcia is http://www.josemauricio.com.br Antonio writes: "From Nunes Garcia are known 240 musical pieces, but research shows that his actual production would be almost twice this number. This quantity, and the quality of his works made him one of the most important composers of Brazil, in most of his lifetime a colony of Portugal."

Sacred Music of José Mauricio Nunes Garcia is a recording of two works:
Missa de Sonhora da Conceição (Mass of Our Lady of Conception) 1810, C.P.M. 106
Credo em si bemol (Credo in B flat major), C.P.M. 129

The University of Texas at Austin Chamber Singers and Orchestra perform on this recording under the direction of Dr. James Morrow, conductor. The CD was released by Longhorn Music, The University of Texas at Austin Center for American Music, LHM2007003 (2010).

“Notes on the music by Ricardo Bernardes, musicologist and conductor. Editor of José Mauricio Nunes Garcia's Missa de Nossa Senhora da Conceição 1810

“The most important period of Brazilian colonial music production began in 1808 with the Portuguese royal family's arrival in Rio de Janeiro. This caused a ripple effect of urban sophistication in the city as it became the capital of an overseas empire. Prince Regent João VI, future king of Portugal, founded the National Library, the São João Opera Theater, and the Royal Chapel of Music.

“The Mass on this recording was composed in 1810, at which time the Royal Chapel had more than one hundred musicians comprising renowned Brazilian and Portuguese singers and instrumentalists, as well as Italian castrati. This group was conducted by José Mauricio Nunes Garcia (1767-1830) from 1808 to 1811 and then by the famous Portuguese composer Marcos Portugal, who arrived towards the end of Nunes Garcia's term as conductor. A deep transformation in the musical language of Brazilian composers, such as Nunes Garcia, caused a 'modernization' to occur in their compositions. By the time of his tenure at the Royal Chapel, Nunes Garcia's music was strongly influenced by Italian opera from the beginning of the 19th century, whose iconic composers included Paisiello and Cimarosa. Nunes Garcia's music was also tied to the musical life of Portugal through the compositions of Marcos Portugal and Antonio Leal Moreira, both well-known composers in Brazil.

“The most emblematic, creative, and important work of this period is the Missa de Sonhora da Conceição (Mass of Our Lady of Conception) 1810, C.P.M. 106 (Portuguese abbreviation for Cleofe Person de Mattos's catalog of Nunes Garcia's works). Nunes Garcia put into practice all the techniques and coloristic possibilities of the orchestra he conducted. He also explored all the virtuosic possibilities of the excellent singers he had at his disposal. Different from the central European repertory, the structure of the musical Mass in the Italian, Brazilian and Portuguese 18th-century tradition was just the Kyrie and Gloria divided into several parts including both solo and choral movements. The other three parts of the ordinary Mass (Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei) could be in plainchant or composed as another musical piece. The Credo em Si bemol C.P.M. 129 (Credo in B flat major), not dated and much shorter than the Kyrie and Gloria, was chosen for this recording because it is the only one of Nunes Garcia's works to feature the same orchestration and key relation as the Missa da Conceição. It is interesting that while in our edition the Kyrie and Gloria are 346 pages, the Credo (including Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus dei) is no more than 40.

Comment by email:
Dear Bill,  Many thanks for this posting.  In time I can provide an extensive file on this composer, including an update on  his complete works (an expansion on the catalog of the late Cleofe Person Matos).  Meanwhile your readers might be interested in our issue of his Requiem for the Queen Mother of Portugual.  This is now available only from the College Music Society, in their 9 LP reissue of the original Columbia release.  The piano-vocal score is available from Associate Music Publishers, which has the orchestral materials on rent.  The work has been performed by the New York Philharmonic in 1976, with Paul Freeman conducting, in a concert attended by the National Music Critics Association, who were unanimously astonished by the quality of the work, as they wired their hometown newspapers.  Other performances include that of the Detroit Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Leslie Dunner with the chorus of Brazeal Dennard, as well as many church choirs with organ.

Columbia M-33421 (1975); volume 5
José Maurício Nunes-Garcia: Requiem Mass, M. 185 (ed. by D. de Lerma; Doralene Davis, soprano; Betty Allen, mezzo-soprano; William Brown, tenor; Matti Tuloisela, bass-baritone; Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra; Morgan State University Choir [Nathan Carter, director])

Dominique-René de Lerma

No comments: